Association of Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonists With Cancer Risk in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
GLP-1RAs might be associated with an increased risk of certain cancer types.
Study context
- Population
- Cancer-naïve patients with T2D, Medicare claims 2013–2020matched pairs
- Exposure
- GLP-1 RA vs SGLT2i; GLP-1 RA vs DPP-4i
- Outcome
- Nine obesity-associated cancers (thyroid, pancreatic, bladder, colorectal, lung, kidney, breast, endometrial, prostate)
Methodological details1:1 propensity score matching, national Medicare claims data
- 1:1 propensity score matching
- National Medicare claims data
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Overall cancer risk
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
GLP-1RAvs SGLT2in = 21,362 pairs
1.03(0.95–1.12)
GLP-1RAvs DPP4in = 20,962 pairs
0.96(0.89–1.04)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Kidney cancerGLP-1RAvs SGLT2i | 1.43 (1.06–1.92) | |
| Endometrial cancerGLP-1RAvs DPP4i | 1.55 (1.01–2.37) | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
Association of Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonists With Cancer Risk in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes. Obesity (Silver Spring). Published 21 August 2025. doi:10.
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