Lipids & metabolic liver disease
Association between the atherogenic index of plasma and major adverse cardiovascular events in individuals with metabolic syndrome: findings from the UK biobank
Main finding · MACEResult — go to the resultHazard ratio 1.07 95% CI 1.05,1.08Authors' conclusion
This observational study showed that higher AIP was associated with increased risks of MACE and its component endpoints, highlighting its potential as a biomarker for risk stratification among individuals with MetS.
Study context
- Population
- UK Biobank participants with metabolic syndrome free of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at baseline
- Participants
- 131,736 participants
- Exposure
- Per SD increase in atherogenic index of plasma (AIP)
- Outcome
- MACE: first occurrence of acute MI, CV death, unstable angina, stroke or HF
- Follow-up
- Median 13.4 years
Methodological detailsmultivariable Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic splines, prespecified subgroup and sensitivity analyses
- Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models
- Restricted cubic splines
- Prespecified subgroup and sensitivity analyses
Main finding
MACE · median 13.4 years follow-up
Hazard ratio
1.07
95% CI 1.05,1.08
AIP
HR 1.07 (95% CI 1.05,1.08)
Per SD increase in AIP, as printed
As reported in the abstract
- Participants with metabolic syndrome (MetS) who experienced MACE
- 19,140 (14.5%)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Components of MACE (per SD increase in AIP, fully adjusted)AIP · AMI | 1.16 (1.12,1.19) | |
| Components of MACE (per SD increase in AIP, fully adjusted)AIP · UA | 1.16 (1.13,1.19) | |
| Components of MACE (per SD increase in AIP, fully adjusted)AIP · stroke; no clear evidence of association | 1.03 (1.00,1.06) | |
| Components of MACE (per SD increase in AIP, fully adjusted)AIP · CV death; no clear evidence of association | 1.01 (0.97,1.05) | |
| Components of MACE (per SD increase in AIP, fully adjusted)AIP · HF; no clear evidence of association | 1.01 (0.98,1.03) | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Kaplan-Meier incidence across AIP groups
- Significant differences for MACE, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), unstable angina (UA), CV death and heart failure (HF) (all log-rank P < 0.05)
- No significant difference for stroke (log-rank P > 0.05)
Nonlinearity (restricted cubic splines (RCS))
- U-shaped associations for MACE, AMI, HF and CV death; J-shaped for UA (all P for nonlinearity < 0.05)
- Linear association with stroke (P for nonlinearity > 0.05)
Incremental predictive value
- AIP improved reclassification (net reclassification index (NRI)/integrated discrimination improvement (IDI)) and discrimination (C-index)
Original publication
Association between the atherogenic index of plasma and major adverse cardiovascular events in individuals with metabolic syndrome: findings from the UK biobank. Cardiovasc Diabetol. Published 21 November 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →