Assessing the Utility of a Capillary-Adjusted Oral Glucose Tolerance Test for the Early Detection of Type 1 Diabetes in Childhood
Authors' conclusion
The cOGTT method is feasible and acceptable compared with venous OGTT in CYP, with promising performance for detecting hyperglycemia, but further assessment is needed before it can be used for glycemic staging.
Study context
- Population
- Children and young people (CYP) across the glycemic range (Study 1) and CYP with early-stage T1D (Study 2)Study 1 Forty-five · Study 2 45
- Index test or model
- Capillary glucose vs venous glucose during OGTT
- Target condition
- Glycemic status (normoglycemia, dysglycemia, hyperglycemia)
Methodological detailsStudy 1: contemporaneous venous and capillary glucose sampling, Study 2: home cOGTT testing
- Study 1: contemporaneous venous and capillary glucose sampling
- Study 2: home cOGTT testing
Performance
As reported in the abstract
| Test or model | Sensitivity | Specificity |
|---|---|---|
| Normoglycemia | 21/22 (95% sensitivity; 95% CI: 77%-100%) | 14/17 (82% specificity; 57%-96%) |
| Hyperglycemia | 9/10 (90% sensitivity; 55%-100%) | 29/29 (100% specificity; 88%-100%) |
| Dysglycemia | 4/7 (57% sensitivity; 18%-90%) | 30/32 (94% specificity; 79%-99%) |
Sensitivity
Normoglycemia21/22 (95% sensitivity; 95% CI: 77%-100%)
Hyperglycemia9/10 (90% sensitivity; 55%-100%)
Dysglycemia4/7 (57% sensitivity; 18%-90%)
Specificity
Normoglycemia14/17 (82% specificity; 57%-96%)
Hyperglycemia29/29 (100% specificity; 88%-100%)
Dysglycemia30/32 (94% specificity; 79%-99%)
- Bias (cGluc vs vGluc, 3.5-15 mmol/L)
- −0.22 mmol/L; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.51 to 0.07
- 95% limits of agreement
- −2.91 to 2.47 mmol/L
Further findings
Study 1 participants
- Age, mean [SD]
- 12.2 [3.2] years; range 5-17
- Additional 60-min sampling
- 20
Preference for cOGTT for future testing (Study 1)
- cOGTT preferred
- 76% (32/42)
Home cOGTT feasibility (Study 2)
- Age
- 10.4 [3.1] years; range 4-17
- Home cOGTT tests completed successfully
- 91% (41/45)
- Failures
- 3 device failures, 1 incomplete test
- Home testing acceptable
- 98% (44 of 45)
- Identified with stage 3 T1D with no evidence of DKA
- Two CYP
Original publication
Assessing the Utility of a Capillary-Adjusted Oral Glucose Tolerance Test for the Early Detection of Type 1 Diabetes in Childhood. Diabetes Technol Ther. Published 13 November 2026. doi:10.
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