Alterations and Clinical Value of Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets and Inflammatory Factors in Paragangliomas
Authors' conclusion
Immunosenescence, characterized by immune dysfunction with aging, was observed in PPGLs. Higher epinephrine and metanephrine levels might impair host immune response. Monitoring changes in peripheral lymphocyte subsets and serum cytokines could indicate patients' conditions, especially the occurrence of metastasis.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas (PPGLs); median age at diagnosis 45.0 years; follow-up 3.0 years
- Participants
- 327 patients102 metastatic PPGLs
- Exposure
- Metastatic vs non-metastatic PPGLs; immune and inflammatory parameters
- Outcome
- Indicators of metastatic PPGLs (multivariate analysis) and nomogram discrimination
Methodological detailsnomogram development, Lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry; univariate and multivariate logistic regression; nomogram evaluated for discrimination and calibration
- Nomogram development
- Lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry; univariate and multivariate logistic regression; nomogram evaluated for discrimination and calibration
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Nomogram AUC
0.800
95% CI 0.736–0.865
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Lymphocyte subsets by age (≥ 45 vs < 45.0 years)
- Most lymphocyte subsets significantly reduced in older patients
- P < 0.05
Correlation of lymphocyte, CD3+ and CD4+ T cell counts with 24-hour urinary epinephrine and plasma metanephrine
- Negative correlation, R
- −0.2 ∼ 0.1
- P
- P < 0.05
CD4+ T cell percentage in lymph node (n = 37) or bone metastases (n = 41)
- Lower percentage of CD4+ T cells with lymph node or bone metastases
- P < 0.05
Original publication
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