Age at diagnosis modifies associations of type 2 diabetes with cancer incidence and mortality: a retrospective matched-cohort study
Authors' conclusion
The associations of type 2 diabetes with cancer incidence and mortality varied by age at diagnosis, with a higher relative risk among patients who were diagnosed at a younger age.
Study context
- Population
- Individuals in the Yinzhou Health Information System; T2D patients divided by age at diagnosis: <50, 50–59, 60–69 and ≥70 yearsmatched cohort
- Participants
- 42,279 vs 166,010
- Exposure
- Newly diagnosed T2D vs no diabetes, by age at diagnosis
- T2Dn = 42,279
- Controlsn = 166,010reference
- Outcome
- Overall and site-specific cancer incidence and mortality
- Follow-up
- Median 9.20 and 9.32 years
Methodological detailsage- and sex-matched controls, stratified Cox proportional hazards regression with age as time scale
- Age- and sex-matched controls
- Stratified Cox proportional hazards regression with age as time scale
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Cancer incidence and mortality, T2D diagnosed <50 years vs controls
T2D vs ControlsHazard ratio (95% CI)
Overall cancer incidence; diagnosed <50 years
1.35(1.20–1.52)
Gastrointestinal cancer incidence; diagnosed <50 years
1.39(1.11–1.73)
Overall cancer mortality; diagnosed <50 years
2.02(1.50–2.71)
Gastrointestinal cancer mortality; diagnosed <50 years
2.82(1.91–4.18)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Population-attributable fractions
- Population-attributable fractions for overall cancer and gastrointestinal cancer mortality decreased with increasing age
Events identified · median follow-up 9.20 and 9.32 years
- Incident cancer cases
- 15,729
- Cancer deaths
- 5383
Original publication
Age at diagnosis modifies associations of type 2 diabetes with cancer incidence and mortality: a retrospective matched-cohort study. Diabetologia. Published 13 May 2023. doi:10.
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