A Short-Form Measure of Diabetes Distress Among Adults With Type 1 Diabetes for Use in Clinical Practice: Development and Validation of the T1-DDS-7
Authors' conclusion
We propose the T1-DDS-7 as a valid and reliable measure for routine screening of diabetes distress among adults with type 1 diabetes. In case of elevated levels of diabetes distress, we recommend that a full-scale assessment and open dialogue follow the short-form measure before determining further treatment.
Study context
- Population
- Adults living with T1D (survey data); item selection by 14 experts in diabetes care and research14 experts
- Participants
- 2,016 adults
- Comparison
- T1-DDS-7 vs T1-DDS-28
- Outcome
- Reliability and validity of the T1-DDS-7
Methodological detailsexpert evaluation of items, exploratory factor analysis, test-retest reliability
- Expert evaluation of items
- Exploratory factor analysis
- Test-retest reliability
Performance
As reported in the abstract
| Test or model | Factor loadings | Cronbach's α | Test-retest correlation, r | Correlation with T1-DDS-28, r | AUC | Sensitivity | Specificity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1-DDS-7 | > 0.45 | 0.82 | 0.90 | 0.95 | 0.91 | 93% | 89% |
T1-DDS-7
Factor loadings> 0.45
Cronbach's α0.82
Test-retest correlation, r0.90
Correlation with T1-DDS-28, r0.95
AUC0.91
Sensitivity93%
Specificity89%
Original publication
A Short-Form Measure of Diabetes Distress Among Adults With Type 1 Diabetes for Use in Clinical Practice: Development and Validation of the T1-DDS-7. Diabetes Care. Published 21 June 2023. doi:10.
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