A cost‐effectiveness analysis alongside trial of a digital health‐supported and community pharmacy‐based prediabetes management programme ( PRIME Programme) in Malaysia
Main finding · QALYResult — go to the resultNet gain 0.005 QALY 95% CI −0.017 to 0.026Authors' conclusion
A community pharmacy-based and digital health-supported lifestyle intervention to manage prediabetes may be cost-effective compared with usual care in Malaysia over a 6-month period.
Study context
- Population
- Individuals with prediabetes, 13 community pharmacies, Malaysia13 community pharmacies
- Participants
- 91 individuals
- Comparison
- Digital health-supported, community pharmacy-based lifestyle intervention (PRIME) vs usual care
- Interventionn = 46
- Usual caren = 45reference
- Outcome
- QALY
- Follow-up
- 6 months
Methodological details6-month time horizon, healthcare and societal perspectives, non-parametric bootstrapping
- 6-month time horizon
- Healthcare and societal perspectives
- Non-parametric bootstrapping
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Net gain
0.005 QALY
95% CI −0.017 to 0.026
By group
Further findings
Incremental costs, intervention vs usual care · 6 months
- Incremental healthcare cost (95% CI $5.33 to $6.88)
- US$6.10
- Incremental societal cost (95% CI $6.03 to $15.35)
- $10.69
Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) per quality-adjusted life years (QALY) gained and probability of cost-effectiveness · 6 months
- ICER per QALY gained, healthcare perspective
- $1354
- Probability cost-effective, healthcare perspective
- 69.2%
- ICER per QALY gained, societal perspective
- $2371
- Probability cost-effective, societal perspective
- 67.7%
- Willingness-to-pay threshold (results below it; robust to sensitivity analyses)
- $11 845
Original publication
A cost‐effectiveness analysis alongside trial of a digital health‐supported and community pharmacy‐based prediabetes management programme ( PRIME Programme) in Malaysia. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 24 March 2025. doi:10.
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